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What does cutting speed refer to in machining?

  1. Feed rate

  2. Peripheral speed

  3. Rotational speed

  4. Material hardness

The correct answer is: Peripheral speed

Cutting speed in machining specifically refers to the speed at which the cutting tool engages with the material being machined. It is typically expressed in terms of surface feet per minute (SFPM) or meters per minute (MPM). Peripheral speed is the correct term because it denotes the linear distance traveled by the edge of the cutting tool per unit of time as it rotates around the workpiece. This speed is crucial because it directly influences the efficiency of the cutting process, tool wear, and the quality of the finished surface. In the context of different machining operations, understanding cutting speed allows machinists to select appropriate feed rates and tool types to achieve optimal performance while minimizing defects. The effectiveness of machining relies heavily on proper cutting speed, making it an essential concept for anyone in the field.